Working of four stroke engine
The 4 stroke engine of vehicle completes its cycle in 4
strokes. The movement of piston from the top dead centre to bottom dead centre
covers 1 stroke.
- In 1st stroke intakes of the air-fuel mixture takes place (suction stroke)
- In 2nd stroke this air-fuel mixture is compressed according to the compression ratio of cylinder
- In 3rd stroke compressed air-fuel mixture is ignited to get the power stroke due to expansion on burning. This is called power stroke which provides torque to the crank shaft
- In 4th stroke the burnt gases are exhausted
Turbocharger
More the air is forced in suction stroke, more will be volumetric efficiency,more will be combustion, more will be the power
The exhaust gases from the cylinder have the pressure due to
the exhaust stroke. This pressure energy of exhaust gases is used up to increase
the air flow into the inlet of cylinder. The device which performs this
operation is known as turbocharger
Internal components
Working of turbocharger
The atmospheric air after passing through air filter is
sucked by compressor wheel (due to its rotation) discharging compressed air
after passing through compressor housing. Hence it provides more volume of air
through the inlet valve with mixed fuel in suction stroke. This air-fuel
mixture is ignited after compression stroke leading to more power and
acceleration than non-turbo engine.
The pressure of the exhaust gas will push the turbine wheel
which in-turn rotates the compressor wheel as the turbine wheel and compressor
wheel are directly connected by shaft, mounted on a bearing
Super chargers
In this type of charger the compressor wheel is driven by
engine instead of pressure of exhaust gases on turbine. The compressor wheel is
connected to pulley by the gears (gear ratio 10:1) and pulley is connected to
engine by belt transmission .The compressor wheel rotates 10 times faster than
pulley
Hybrid/Electric charger
In such type of chargers the compressor wheel is rotated by
use of brushless DC motor of high Rpm. Hence provides constant speed of
rotation without turbo-lag caused by variable Rpm of engine
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